{"id":97,"date":"2023-05-20T05:01:10","date_gmt":"2023-05-20T05:01:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/?p=97"},"modified":"2023-05-20T05:01:13","modified_gmt":"2023-05-20T05:01:13","slug":"biosynthesis-of-proteins","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/2023\/05\/20\/biosynthesis-of-proteins\/","title":{"rendered":"Biosynthesis of Proteins"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Protein synthesis is the creation of proteins. In biological systems, it is carried out inside the cell. In\u00a0prokaryotes, it occurs in the\u00a0cytoplasm. In\u00a0eukaryotes, it initially occurs in the nucleus to create a transcript (mRNA) of the coding region of the\u00a0DNA. The transcript leaves the\u00a0nucleus\u00a0and reaches the ribosomes for\u00a0translation\u00a0into a protein molecule with a specific sequence of\u00a0amino acids.\u00a0Protein synthesis\u00a0(also called protein biosynthesis when performed by a living organism) is a process of creating protein molecules. In biological systems, it involves\u00a0<em>amino acid synthesis<\/em>,\u00a0<em>transcription<\/em>, and\u00a0<em>translation<\/em>. In\u00a0<em>amino acid synthesis<\/em>, there is a set of biochemical processes that produce\u00a0amino acids\u00a0from\u00a0carbon\u00a0sources like\u00a0glucose. Not all amino acids are produced by the body; other amino acids are obtained from the\u00a0diet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Within the cells, proteins are produced by transcription and translation processes. (Ref. 8)\u00a0Transcription\u00a0is the process wherein the mRNA is transcribed from DNA to serve as a template for translation.\u00a0<em>Translation<\/em>\u00a0is the process wherein amino acids are linked together in a specific order according to the rules specified by the genetic code. It occurs in the cytoplasm where the ribosomes are located. The steps of translation are: (1) the binding of mRNA to a ribosome, (2) the ribosome begins matching tRNA anticodon sequences to the mRNA codon, (3) the amino acid carried by the tRNA gets added to the elongating chain, and (4) a stop codon is reached, releasing the polypeptide and the mRNA. The events that follow protein synthesis include proteolysis, post-translational modification, and protein folding. (Ref. 9) Proteins abound in any cell.\u00a0A human cell may contain about 1 to 3 billion proteins. (Ref. 10) The number, though, may vary based on the cell\u2019s activity.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Protein synthesis is the creation of proteins. In biological systems, it is carried out inside the cell. In\u00a0prokaryotes, it occurs in the\u00a0cytoplasm. In\u00a0eukaryotes, it initially occurs in the nucleus to create a transcript (mRNA) of the coding region of the\u00a0DNA. The transcript leaves the\u00a0nucleus\u00a0and reaches the ribosomes for\u00a0translation\u00a0into a protein molecule with a specific sequence [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-97","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-proteins"],"Cooking_time":"","jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=97"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":98,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97\/revisions\/98"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=97"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=97"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=97"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}