{"id":2135,"date":"2024-03-05T09:50:51","date_gmt":"2024-03-05T09:50:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/?p=2135"},"modified":"2024-03-05T09:50:51","modified_gmt":"2024-03-05T09:50:51","slug":"alcohols-and-phenols","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/05\/alcohols-and-phenols\/","title":{"rendered":"Alcohols and phenols"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>An oxygen atom normally forms two \u03c3 bonds with other atoms; the\u00a0water\u00a0molecule, H<sub>2<\/sub>O, is the simplest and most common example. If one hydrogen atom is removed from a water molecule, a hydroxyl functional group (\u2015OH) is generated. When a\u00a0hydroxyl group\u00a0is joined to an alkane framework, an alcohol such as\u00a0ethanol, is produced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.britannica.com\/75\/16475-004-B552E5ED\/Chemical-Compound-formulas-ethanol-ehylene-glycol-vitamin.jpg\" alt=\"Chemical Compound. Structural formulas for ethanol, ehylene glycol, phenol, and vitamin E.\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>When the hydroxyl group is joined to an aryl ring, a phenol results (shown above). Both alcohols and phenols are widespread in nature, with alcohols being especially\u00a0ubiquitous. The hydroxyl group of alcohols and phenols is responsible for an interesting variety of physical and chemical properties. The biochemical action of\u00a0vitamin E, for example, depends largely on the reactivity of the phenol functional group.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An oxygen atom is much more electronegative than carbon or hydrogen atoms, so both carbon-oxygen and hydrogen-oxygen bonds are polar. The oxygen atom is slightly negatively charged, and the carbon and hydrogen atoms are slightly positively charged. The polar bonds of the hydroxyl group are responsible for the major reaction characteristics of alcohols and phenols. In general, these reactions are initiated by reaction of electron-deficient groups with the negatively charged oxygen atom or by reaction of electron-rich groups with the positively charged atoms\u2014namely, carbon or hydrogen\u2014bonded to oxygen.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An oxygen atom normally forms two \u03c3 bonds with other atoms; the\u00a0water\u00a0molecule, H2O, is the simplest and most common example. If one hydrogen atom is removed from a water molecule, a hydroxyl functional group (\u2015OH) is generated. When a\u00a0hydroxyl group\u00a0is joined to an alkane framework, an alcohol such as\u00a0ethanol, is produced. When the hydroxyl group [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-organic-compounds"],"Cooking_time":"","jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2135","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2135"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2135\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2136,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2135\/revisions\/2136"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2135"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2135"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}