Methods to determine the sequences of bases in DNA were pioneered in the 1970s by Frederick Sanger and Walter Gilbert, whose efforts won them a Nobel Prize in 1980. The Gilbert-Maxam method relies on the different chemical reactivities of the bases, while the Sanger method is based on enzymatic synthesis of DNA in vitro. Both methods measure the distance from a fixed point on DNA to each occurrence of a particular base\u2014A, C, G, or T. DNA fragments obtained from a series of reactions are separated according to length in four \u201clanes\u201d by gel electrophoresis. Each lane corresponds to a unique base, and the sequence is read directly from the gel. The Sanger method has now been automated using fluorescent dyes to label the DNA, and a single machine can produce tens of thousands of DNA base sequences in a single run.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Methods to determine the sequences of bases in DNA were pioneered in the 1970s by Frederick Sanger and Walter Gilbert, whose efforts won them a Nobel Prize in 1980. The Gilbert-Maxam method relies on the different chemical reactivities of the bases, while the Sanger method is based on enzymatic synthesis of DNA in vitro. Both methods measure the distance from […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1870","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nucleic-acids"],"Cooking_time":"","jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1870","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1870"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1870\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1937,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1870\/revisions\/1937"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1870"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1870"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cake.appscodestudio.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1870"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}