Category: Supplemental Modules

An amide is usually an organic compound that contains a functional group consisting of an acyl group (R–C=O) linked to a nitrogen atom: The simplest amides are derivatives of ammonia (NH3) in which one hydrogen atom has been replaced by an acyl group.

Alkyl halides (also known as haloalkanes) are compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane have been replaced by halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine)

An aldehyde is an organic compound in which the carbonyl group is attached to a carbon atom at the end of a carbon chain. A ketone is an organic compound in which the carbonyl group is attached to a carbon atom within the carbon chain.

Alcohols are organic molecules assembled from carbon (C), oxygen (O), and hydrogen (H) atoms. When 2 carbons are present, the alcohol is called ethanol (also known as ethyl alcohol). Ethanol is the form of alcohol contained in beverages including beer, wine, and liquor.

Molecules that contain a triple bond between two carbon atoms are known as alkynes. The triple bond is made up of one σ bond and two π bonds.

Alkenes are defined as either branched or unbranched hydrocarbons that possess at least one carbon–carbon double bond (CC) and have a general formula of CnH2n [1].

Alkanes are hydrocarbons in which the carbon atoms are held together by single bonds. Their general formula is CnH2n+2 for molecules which do not contain ring structures.

Acid halide, neutral compound that reacts with water to produce an acid and a hydrogen halide. Acid halides are ordinarily derived from acids or their salts by replacement of hydroxyl groups by halogen atoms.